영어학개론 어휘의미론(Lexical Semantics)

영어학개론 어휘의미론(Lexical Semantics)

[영어학개론] 어휘의미론(Lexical Semantics).docx

목차 1. Semantic Features 1.2. How certain words relate to other words - Antonyms 1.3. Meanings of words and sentence 1.4. Evidence For Semantic Features 1.5. Semantic Features and Grammar 2.1. Argument Structure 2.2. Thematic Roles 3. Pragmatics 3.1. Pronouns 3.2. Deixis 본문 2.1. Argument Structure ※ Argument : The various NPs that occur with a verb ※ Verbs differ in terms of the number and types of NPs they can take as complements. 1)Intransitive verbs : The subject 2)Transitive verbs : The subject + direct object 3)Ditransitive verbs : The subject + direct object + indirect object - have “transfer direct object to indirect object” in their meaning. ※Verb limits the semantic properties of both its 1) subject Ex. Colorless green ideas sleep furiously. -> semantically anomalous! -“sleep” require animate subjects. and its 2) complements. Ex. (1) John threw/tosses/kicked/flung the boy the ball. (2) *John pushed/pulled/lifted/hauled the boy the ball. (3)Mary faxed/radioed/e-mailed/phoned Helen the news. (4)*Mary murmured/mumbled/muttered/shrieked Helen the news. Verbs in (1) and (3) can take two objects while those in (2) and (4) cannot. 2.2. Thematic Roles ※ Thematic Roles: In semantics, Thematic Roles express the semantic relations that the entities denoted by the noun phrases bear towards the action or state denoted by the verb. Ex. The boy rolled a red ball. agent theme 2.2.1. A List of Thematic Roles ※ AGENT: the initiator of some action, capable of acting with 본문내용 Reflect our knowledge about what words mean ② How certain words relate to other words, e.g. Antonyms ③ Elements that are part of the meanings of words and sentence 1.2. How certain words relate to other words - Antonyms ※ The basic property of antonyms: they share all but one semantic feature. Ex. Big (“about size”) vs Red (“about color”): They share too few semantic features - Antonym(x) Buy (“c